The sizes of one-and-a-half, single and double bricks: their features
The sizes of one-and-a-half, single and double bricks: their types and features
Despite all the variety of building materials on the market, bricks are still deservedly popular with both professional builders and amateurs. This reliable, durable and versatile material has several standard dimensions. At the same time, the greatest demand in the construction and decoration of buildings is observed for the size of a one-and-a-half brick, which is a significant saving in its application and aesthetics.
The brick has a good indicator of moisture and frost resistance, as well as thermal conductivity
The size of a single, one-and-a-half and double brick
When calculating the amount of material, it is necessary to take into account the size of the brick that will be needed during construction. This will help to avoid unnecessary costs.
The choice of brick size directly depends on the type of construction
There are 3 main sizes:
- single (single row, standard);
- one and a half (thickened);
- double (the second name is double stone).
The parameters of a single brick are as follows: length – 250 mm, width – 120 mm, height – 65 mm.
Brick is a durable and durable material
Dimensions of one and a half bricks: length – 250 mm, width – 120 mm, height – 88 mm. The dimensions of the double brick, as well as the thickened one, differ only in height – 138 mm. Currently, bricks of non–standard sizes are also on sale – “Euro” (length 250 mm, width 85 mm, height 65 mm) and modular at the same height has a length of 288 mm and a width of 138 mm.
Advantages of a one-and-a-half brick compared to a single one
Calculations show that the material consumption per 1 m3, taking into account mortar joints, is 394 units when using a single brick and 302 units when using a one-and-a-half brick. This allows you to save quite a lot during construction.
So, when laying a load-bearing structure, you can use not 3 rows of standard bricks and a row of facing bricks, but 2 rows of hollow and one row of one-and-a-half facing bricks. Moreover, not only the amount of material used is significantly saved, but also the consumption of the solution.
One—and-a-half brick is the best option for rapid and economical construction
The height of a one-and-a-half brick exceeds the height of a single brick by only 23 mm, but this difference makes it possible to speed up the masonry work by 30%. The undoubted advantage of a thickened brick is its weight. So, a single brick weighs from 2 to 2.3 kg, and the weight of a one-and-a-half brick, despite its large dimensions, weighs only a third more.
The main types of thickened bricks by material, purpose and type of construction
There are several generally accepted classifications of bricks. First of all, depending on the material from which it is produced, it is distinguished:
- ceramic, or red;
- silicate, or white.
Silicate bricks can be used to lay out individual architectural details
These two types have the same dimensions with different characteristics, fields of application and properties. The sizes of one–and-a-half and one-and-a-half ceramic silicate bricks are 250 mm, 120 mm and 88 mm
Ceramic brick: production technology, advantages and disadvantages
Ceramic one-and-a-half bricks are made from clay without foreign impurities (sulfates, marl) and special additives that give the finished product the required properties.
It’s interesting! The raw materials from which red bricks are made are unsuitable for the manufacture of any other clay products.
Bricks made of clay do not cause allergic reactions and do not contain harmful substances
Methods of making bricks:
Ceramic bricks have a huge variety of colors
Advantages of ceramic bricks:
- excellent sound insulation;
- it is made of environmentally friendly material – clay, absolutely harmless to health both during construction and during operation;
- versatility (suitable for the construction of both residential and industrial buildings, for the construction of internal and external walls);
- resistance to difficult weather conditions, including severe frosts;
- durability;
- endurance;
- a large selection of shapes, sizes and colors (by mixing different varieties of clay, manufacturers achieve a rich color palette – red, brown, beige, terracotta, yellow, peach shade, which allows the use of ceramic bricks both in the construction of new buildings and during restoration work);
- good heat and vapor barrier;
- the material is easily deformed during transportation, and chips form on its edges;
- moisture resistance.
Brick is rightfully considered one of the most popular building materials
Disadvantages of red brick:
- the appearance of a whitish salty plaque;
- high cost.
Silicate brick: how it is made, pros and cons
In its manufacture, 9 parts of purified manganese and clay quartz sand and 1 part of lime are used. Bricks are formed from this lime-sand mass by semi-dry pressing, and then they are exposed to water vapor and high pressure for 10-13 hours.
In order to give the finished product the desired shade, special pigments resistant to adverse weather conditions are added to the silicate mass. Due to this, you can achieve a huge variety of shades – even those that are not typical for traditional brick buildings, such as blue, blue, yellow, pink, purple.
Silicate brick absorbs sounds well, which contributes to noise insulation
Advantages of one and a half silicate bricks:
- good sound insulation and low thermal conductivity;
- environmental friendliness;
- durability;
- endurance;
- frost resistance;
- resistance to adverse weather conditions;
- affordable price (about a third lower than the cost of red bricks);
- clear geometry of the finished product;
- a huge selection of colors and textures.
Disadvantages of the material:
- insufficient moisture resistance (cannot be used when laying foundations, sewer wells, basements, basements – all zero-cycle facilities where there is a risk of flooding or constant contact with groundwater);
Silicate material with coloring and increased density
- low heat resistance;
- considerable weight (the weight of a one–and-a-half full-bodied silicate brick ranges from 4.2 to 5 kg, and the same ceramic – from 4 to 4.2 kg).
This is important! Due to the low cost in private homes, silicate bricks are often used in the construction of chimneys, fireplaces and stoves. However, their service life will be short – only a few years, and under the influence of high temperatures, the masonry will begin to collapse. So in fact, such savings turn out to be very costly and at the same time unsafe.
Types of bricks by scope of application
Allocate:
- building bricks (other names – rough, ordinary, masonry, basement);
- front (facing, facade);
- special.
Related article:
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Rough brick is used in the construction of internal partitions, enclosing structures, self-supporting and load-bearing walls, as well as to fill voids. It can also be used in the construction of exterior walls, but only with the mandatory application of plaster.
The option of using brickwork in the design of the kitchen
Facing one-and-a-half brick is used in the decoration of premises and facades. It has a beautiful appearance – smooth edges, no chips and cracks, clear geometric lines. This is one of the most affordable finishing materials. It is worth remembering that red brick is suitable for areas with high humidity, and for arid hot regions, silicate brick will be the best choice.
Important! In addition to the standard sizes of one-and-a-half and single facing bricks, there are bricks with a width of 85 mm, 80 mm and 60 mm with a length of 250 mm, as well as with dimensions of 290 mm, 140 mm and 85 mm.
Additionally, textured (it has a decorative chopped surface, like raw stone, smooth or uneven edges) and shaped brick (it is distinguished by complex shapes, rounded edges, window sills, window openings, corners of buildings are decorated with it).
Special refractory brick is not afraid of high temperature
Special brick – first of all, it is a refractory fireclay brick. It is not afraid of repeated exposure to high temperatures and retains heat well. Refractory one–and-a-half brick is the optimal, durable and safe choice for laying the internal surfaces of fireplaces, stoves and chimneys.
Types of one-and-a-half bricks depending on the type of construction
Bricks can be full-bodied and hollow. Such bricks clearly differ in their fields of application. The former are always used in the construction of load-bearing structures, in the construction of fireplaces and chimneys, the latter in the construction of partitions and cladding of buildings.
In full-bodied bricks, porosity should not exceed 13% (for silicate bricks), or voids should be absent altogether. In the case of hollow silicate bricks, the number of voids reaches 30%, in clay bricks it can reduce the indicator by 15%. Moreover, in ceramic holes have different shapes and are evenly distributed over the entire area, and in silicate they are shifted to the center and, as a rule, have the shape of a cylinder.
The main types and sizes of bricks
What do such cameras give? They significantly save the consumption of raw materials, the time spent on its production, which means that the cost of finished products is reduced. Significantly reduces the weight of the product and the entire building as a whole and the load on the foundation. For example, the weight of a one-and-a-half hollow brick made of clay is 3-3.2 kg, and the weight of a full-bodied red is 4-4.2 kg. For comparison, the weight of a one–and-a-half white facing brick is 5 kg for full-bodied structures and 3.9 kg for hollow ones.
The most important advantages of hollow one-and-a-half bricks include excellent thermal insulation characteristics, which allows you to save even more on the thickness of the walls.
Strength, weight and dimensions of a brick and a half
The most important characteristic of this building material is its ability to resist various loads and not deform.
The marked brick has high strength indicators
Bricks with markings have optimal strength. They can be used both in the construction of country houses, and in the construction of multi-storey buildings, when laying the foundation, fireplace or stove, load-bearing walls and partitions, during interior and cladding work. Last but not least, this is due to the variety of forms of production of bricks of this brand. It can be of the usual rectangular shape, trapezoidal and curly.
It is characterized by good fire resistance, high density, which is why it absorbs moisture worse, durability. The dimensions of the M150 brick are the same as those of the material with lower strength indicators: single, thickened, euro.
The weight of a full–bodied brick M 150 single reaches 3.6 kg (with an average of 2 to 2.2 kg), one and a half – up to 4.5 kg (the average is about 3 kg).
