Stationary circular saw: assistant for sawing
Stationary circular saw: an indispensable assistant for sawing material
Stationary circular saw is used for sawing blanks made of wood, metal or plastic. Such devices are indispensable in the backyard, in the home workshop, in the carpentry shop. The tool is presented in a wide variety of species: devices with a similar design differ in functionality. The efficiency and durability of its operation will depend on the correct choice of the saw.
A circular is an assembly designed to work with wooden products
Stationary circular saw: the device of the tool
Stationary circular plate belongs to the class of carpentry equipment. It consists of a housing equipped with one or two handles. It is located on a base in the form of a bed, which has a rigid structure. The working surface is made of cast iron or steel. In some models it is aluminum.
The presence of a cast iron frame and a countertop in the circular allows you to significantly reduce the level of vibration
The working surface can be cast or prefabricated. The first option is typical for a powerful circular machine. Such a tool is more stable and has a large weight, as a result of which it will require the arrangement of a reliable concrete base for its placement. In small machines, the table for the circular saw can be assembled, which ensures the mobility of the installation.
Important! For the convenience of cutting the material, guide rulers are applied on the working surface.
A groove is provided on the surface, which serves for free rotation of the saw blade. In some models, it can tilt, which is possible due to the presence of a graduated leading sole. This allows cutting at different (fixed) angles. In the non-working position, the disk is closed with a special casing.
Behind the saw blade there is a wedging knife, thanks to which the sawn wooden billet will not reunite again, which can happen under the influence of the elasticity of wood fibers.
The stationary circular has the ability to perform operations with large-sized blanks
Under the table top there is an electric motor, from the shaft of which, by means of a pulley, the torque is transmitted to the saw blade. A belt drive is also used here. However, there are models in which the torque is transmitted by a cardan method. The pulley serves as a support for the saw blade, which begins to rotate rapidly around its axis, carrying out the cutting of the material.
Important! A stationary saw cuts the material exclusively in a straight line, without the possibility of curly cutting.
The working surface can be equipped with expanding elements, thanks to which it is possible to increase the area of the machine. The stationary saw is controlled using buttons that are recessed into the control panel. This prevents accidental activation of the unit. Some models are equipped with an emergency switch.
Strengths and weaknesses of electric circular saws
The electric circular saw has distinctive advantages over other tool options. The device operates at high speeds, which contributes to a significant speed of rotation of the disk and the performance of high-quality sawing.
The design of the machine allows you to set precise settings for the processing of the part
The unit is designed in such a way that its operation is safe. The sawing disc for a circular saw on wood is closed with a special protective casing, as a result of which the probability of getting hurt on the sharp teeth of the knife in the non-working position of the unit is excluded.
Thanks to the stationary frame made of durable material, the stability of the equipment is ensured. In addition, the vibration of the tool is reduced during its operation, which contributes to a significant improvement in the quality and accuracy of material processing. Despite the overall dimensions and massiveness of the installation, the circular saw operates with a low noise level, which contributes to the comfortable operation of the device. In addition, this makes it possible to fine-tune the tool.
On a circular saw with a table, workpieces with a length of more than 1 m can be processed. Such a tool is also characterized by a wide range of processed materials. The saw can handle wood, chipboard, fiberboard, plywood, plastic and even soft alloy products. For the latter type of material, you will need to use the appropriate disk.
Important! Most stationary models are equipped with a dust collector.
The circular saw works with a low noise level
The main disadvantage of a stationary circular saw is the high cost of the tool, which is explained by the high-quality execution of the design and the creation of conditions for its safe use.
Varieties of circular saws depending on the design
Circular saws on wood differ in design, which is reflected in the mobility of the tool and the size of the processed products.
To perform a large volume of monotonous circular work, a stationary structure is used. The tool is located on a separate frame, which has impressive dimensions. Such a device requires a separate place for installation with the arrangement of a reliable base. Stationary saws are characterized by high engine power, which makes it possible to process large workpieces.
Depending on the degree of mobility, stationary circular saws can be heavy or lightweight. In the first case, the tool is equipped with a cast base, as a result of which the structure has a large weight. Such saws allow cutting up to 14 cm deep. Lightweight devices are equipped with open frames or removable supports, thanks to which it is possible to transport or move the device.
Circular saws vary in power and purpose
Some models can be placed on the table. To do this, they have a low stand, which contributes to the stability of the structure. Such saws can cut up to 5 cm deep.
There is a third type of device, which is represented by a hybrid circular circular saw. It has a smaller cast bed (compared to heavy saws). Such a tool works with a lower noise level and allows you to process a product up to 75 cm wide. This is the most justified option for a mini-workshop.
Characteristic features of manual and desktop circular saws
The second type of tool is a desktop circular mini-saw. It has smaller dimensions than the previous version. This type of device is characterized by mobility, the ability to process workpieces up to 60 cm wide. The cutting depth of such a tool is 4-7 cm. The disadvantage of such a tool is an increased level of vibration during operation of the device, which negatively affects the quality of sawing.
The circular mini-machine is a hand tool that is characterized by mobility and the ability to process workpieces in different planes. Such a saw is characterized by low power and needs periodic rest. Hand tools have a limited range of jobs.
The desktop circular mini-saw has smaller dimensions than the stationary version
In addition, the device is characterized by a low level of safety, which is manifested in the proximity of hands to the working surface, incomplete protection of the saw blade, the need to monitor not only the cutting process, but also the position of the electric motor in order to reduce the likelihood of cutting distortion and tool recoil.
More expensive equipment of this type is a manual circular saw with the possibility of stationary installation. The body of the unit is massive, but safe. The tool has a special platform with which the saw is installed on the machine.
Tool types depending on the cutting depth and the material of the workpiece
Depending on the intensity of use, circular saws are classified into subspecies. The tool can be household and professional. The first version of the devices performs an extended range of work, but it can function continuously for no more than 15 minutes, after which it is necessary to provide a break in the operation of the tool for the same period.
Household appliances are divided into small, medium and large machines. The circular saw of the first type performs a cut with a depth of 4-4.6 cm, the second – 5-5.5 cm, the third – 6.5-7 cm.
Circulars are divided into small, medium and large machines
Professional circular saws can work continuously throughout the working day. They are capable of processing material of different stiffness and any size. The cutting depth performed by such a tool is 6.5-14 cm.
Depending on the nature of the work and the material of the treated surface, there are stationary circular saws for wood, a metal tool and a submersible type of device. Saws on wood carry out cutting of wooden elements at different angles.
The circular metal saw is a universal tool that is characterized by increased power and is adapted to work with various cutting discs. These can be standard abrasive options and high-strength products. Such a versatile tool can process pipes, profiles, metal sheets, blanks made of wood, plywood and plastic.
The submersible circular saw has a movable saw blade. The cutting edge of the tool is lowered into the center of the workpiece, starting the cut from this place, making through holes.
The submersible circular has a movable saw blade
Important! Thanks to the ability to adjust the cutting depth with high accuracy, it is possible not only to carry out through-cutting, but also to perform straight or curly grooves, grooves and slits.
How to choose a circular saw: the main parameters of the tool
Before using a circular saw, you should study its technical parameters, which play an important role in the effective operation of the device. The first of these is the power of the tool. It is directly related to the diameter of the saw blade. The larger it is, the more powerful the unit should be.
The more powerful the motor, the greater the force will be transferred to the area where the disk is attached to the shaft. Powerful devices are characterized by more stable operation, they are able to withstand a high speed of rotation of the disk, which allows you to process denser materials. Stationary circular saws can have a power of 800 watts.
Useful advice! The higher this indicator, the larger and more massive the tool, which will require some experience when working with.
The cost of various models of stationary machines, depending on the configuration and equipment, reaches up to $ 800.
The next important criterion to consider when choosing a circular saw is the rotation speed of the disc. The larger it is, the easier it is to work with the tool. The high speed of rotation of the disk facilitates the processing of dense materials, contributes to a cleaner cutting line, reduces the likelihood of jamming the disk in the workpiece.
However, it should be borne in mind that a high rotational speed contributes to an increase in temperature at the cutting point, therefore, when cutting laminate or plastic, the workpieces may have melted edges. To work with such materials, a tool is suitable in which you can adjust the number of revolutions of the disk rotation.
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The diameter of the disc directly affects the depth of the cut. The product with a size of 160 mm performs a cut with a depth of 4.5-5.5 cm, 190 mm – 6-6.5 cm, 230 mm – 8-8.5 cm. Both parameters affect the choice of the thickness of the workpiece that the tool can process. The higher the diameter of the disc, the more powerful the motor for the saw is needed. It should also be borne in mind that the saw can cut at an angle of 90 or 45 degrees. For the latter option, the cutting depth will be less.
If the device can adjust the angle of sawing, special attention is paid to the quality of the base plate, the graduations and fasteners located on it. Changing the position of the disk should be carried out easily, while it is necessary to ensure high reliability of fixation, no backlash.
When choosing a machine, it is necessary to proceed from your needs and capabilities
Accessories for a circular saw, its additional features
When choosing a circular saw, it is important to pay attention to the protective equipment that the tool is equipped with.
To replace the saw blade, the spindle must be locked. This can be done manually using two keys. A more convenient option is to use a special button, which is available in some models.
For safe use, the circular saw must be equipped with protection against accidental start-up. A necessary function that contributes to the convenient and efficient operation of the device is the soft start option, so that the disk begins to rotate at low speeds, accelerating gradually. This also increases the period of operation of the electric motor, eliminates the formation of large starting currents when it is started.
As noted by numerous reviews, the circular saw, which has the ability to maintain a constant engine speed, ensures smooth cutting of heterogeneous material. The device does not reduce the speed in case the disk hits a harder part of the workpiece.
For safe use, the circular saw must be equipped with protection against accidental start-up
Important! The presence of a speed maintenance function requires the use of an engine with a certain power reserve.
A necessary function for the normal and long-lasting operation of the tool is to protect the device from overloads, thanks to which the saw automatically turns off when the device overheats or a sudden surge in mains voltage.
After the engine stops, there is a high inertia of the disk rotation at idle, which lasts 1-2 minutes, which is quite enough to cause injury. To exclude this possibility, there is an option of an electrodynamic brake. However, even the presence of such a function is unable to instantly stop the engine, the inertia of which will create a reverse impact. It is more efficient to use a sliding clutch for this.
Useful advice! For professional use, it is better to purchase a universal stationary circular saw with a jointer.
The circular is equipped with a dust cover that can be connected to a vacuum cleaner
How to choose the right disc for a circular saw
The choice of a saw blade for a circular saw is determined primarily by the features of the tool. This takes into account the fit size and diameter of the element.
Useful advice! A high-quality saw blade has a marking on the surface of the product, which indicates the diameter, fit, number of teeth, cutting width, type of material to be processed, speed and direction of rotation of the element.
The purpose of the saw blade determines the number of teeth. A product with a small number of them will provide a high cutting speed, while performing a dirty cut. To create a clean cut when sawing workpieces made of solid materials, a circular saw blade for a circular saw must have a large number of teeth.
For cutting solid wood and decorative plywood sheets, you should choose products that have 50-60 incisors. For sawing wood along the fibers, a disk with 15-25 teeth is enough. To dissolve the board, you can use a product with 10 incisors. A universal option that is suitable for most tasks is a disk with 40 teeth. Plastics and non-ferrous metals must be processed with a product having more than 60 incisors.
A high-quality saw blade has a smooth surface with divergent circles
The configuration of the teeth is of no small importance. Straight elements perform a quick and clean cut. For different cutting directions, you can use a disc with alternately beveled incisors. For cutting plastic, plates and non-ferrous metal, it is better to purchase products with flat trapezoidal teeth that prevent splitting of the upper layer of the material.
For workpieces of different hardness, you can use a disk with combined cutters, where elements with different forms of sharpening are combined. They contribute to obtaining a clear cut edge at high speed. For cutting laminate, the best solution is to choose a disc with alternating concave and triangular teeth. If the workpiece contains cement impurities or nails, an element with flat teeth equipped with chamfers with wide backs should be used.
A high-quality disc has a smooth surface with divergent circles visible in the light, which is a consequence of grinding. Radial slots can be placed on the product, thanks to which vibration and noise are reduced.
Characteristics of the circular saw guide
To perform the correct and accurate processing of the workpiece, an additional device for a circular saw in the form of a tire is used. Thanks to such a guide, efficient, easy and safe operation of the device is ensured. With the help of a tire, longitudinal and transverse sawing can be carried out, the parameters of the workpiece can be adjusted, and several elements can be cut.
Fastening of the guide to the base of the installation is carried out by means of bolts with nuts
Circular saw tires can be single- and double-sided, symmetrical and asymmetric. There are also non-standard models with which it is possible to process blanks of complex non-standard configuration. Based on the method of use, guides can be divided into two types: universal and specialized. The first option is suitable for any kind of saws, and the second solves a number of tasks on specific professional equipment. Such guides can only work with circulation saws.
The tire is made of wood or metal. It can be made in the form of a corner, rails, straight beams or has a U-shaped configuration. Fixing the guide to the base of the installation is carried out using bolts with nuts, screws or self-tapping screws.
Important! Before using the guide, you need to check its surface for the absence of deformation and test the clamps.
Thanks to the guide, easy and safe operation of the circular is ensured
When choosing a guide for a stationary circular saw on wood, it is necessary to take into account the features of the working equipment, as well as the material to be processed. The most popular tires are produced by the German firm Bosch and the Japanese company Makita. The domestic manufacturer Interskol has also proven itself well. The guides of these companies are able to ensure the absolute accuracy of the cutting line.
How to make a homemade circular machine
For a homemade machine, a manual circular saw with the possibility of stationary installation and a frame with a mount for its installation are used.
Before performing the work, you should create a drawing of the future installation, taking into account the characteristics necessary for convenient and safe operation of the device. To make a table for a circular saw with your own hands, you can use boards, metal sheet or plywood. It can also be made of a steel corner or wooden bars. The choice of material is determined by the needs and capabilities of the master.
To make a circular table with your own hands, you can use boards, metal sheet or plywood
To ensure the safety of the device during its operation and to prevent possible contact of the worker with the rotating nodes, it is necessary to make a protective casing. To do this, you can use plywood, in which holes are made for air circulation, which helps to cool the electric motor.
A hole is made on the working surface of the table for a saw blade. The manual circular is fixed by using screws. At the bottom of the table there should be an outlet with a wire that is connected to a stationary switch. A hand tool cord is inserted into the socket. Such a homemade circular can be installed anywhere.
Characteristics of stationary circular saws “Makita”
The company “Makita” enjoys great popularity among manufacturers of construction tools, whose products are distinguished by high quality of performance, practicality and reliability. Circular saws are characterized by a high reserve of power and torque, increased efficiency of power drives, diamond coating of the disk surface, complete with various carbide nozzles.
All “Makita” devices have the option of speed adjustment and smooth start
Makita circular saws are characterized by minimal noise vibration indicators. The tool is equipped with a splitting knife, which protects the dusty disk from jamming in the workpiece.
Opens the rating of circular saws model Makita SP6000. The power of the device is 1300 watts. The model is equipped with a saw blade with a diameter of 165 mm, capable of cutting up to 5.5 cm deep. The device has a speed adjustment option and a smooth start. You can buy a tool for 12 thousand rubles.
The powerful, reliable and convenient circular saw Makita 5704 RK is popular, equipped with a saw blade with a diameter of 190 mm, creating a cut with a depth of 60-65 mm. The power of the device is 1200 watts. The rotation speed of the disk reaches 5200 rpm. You can buy a tool for 9 thousand rubles.
Among the powerful models that can handle denser materials, the Makita 5008MG saw stands out. The working disk has a diameter of 210 mm, which allows cutting with a depth of 70-85 mm. The power of the device is 1800 watts, the rotation speed of the disk is 5200 b/min. The saw is capable of cutting at an angle of 90 and 45 degrees. At the same time, its depth reaches 57 mm. The model is equipped with additional functions in the form of illumination and air cleaning of sawdust. The cost of the circular machine “Makita” is 15 thousand rubles.
The “Makita” circulars are distinguished by high quality of execution, practicality and reliability
Characteristic features of circular saws “Interskol”
The best domestic manufacturer of power tools is the Russian company Interskol. It offers a wide range of products at affordable prices. Each manufacturer’s model is characterized by an optimal price-quality ratio.
One of the best circular saws of this manufacturer is the Interskol DP-190-1600M model. The power of the tool is 1600 watts. The device is equipped with a disc with a diameter of 190 mm, which provides a cutting depth of up to 65 mm. Such a universal purpose saw can be used for cutting natural wood, parquet boards and laminate.
The rotation speed of the disc is 4800 rpm, which ensures a clean cutting line. The model is equipped with a smooth start function, engine overheating protection, and is equipped with a spindle stopper. You can buy a saw for 9.3 thousand rubles.
For domestic use, the circular saw “Interskol DP-140/800” with a power of 800 watts has proven itself well. The tool is equipped with a saw blade with a diameter of 140 mm, which provides a cutting depth of up to 45 mm. The speed of rotation of the cutting element is 4500 rpm. The model is equipped with a spindle stopper. The price of a circular saw is 8 thousand rubles.
The power of the Interskol DP-190-1600M tool is 1600 watts
The Interskol DP-165/1200 model is popular. The tool develops a power of 1200 watts, the engine speed is 4700 rpm. Thanks to the saw blade with a diameter of 165 mm, it is possible to cut up to 50 mm deep. This tool can cut not only at an angle of 90, but also 45 degrees. The cost of the instrument is 6.5 thousand rubles.
Popular models of circular saws of other well-known brands
A high-quality wide range of power tools is offered by Bosch. The products are distinguished by the high quality of the models, their versatility and versatility.
The Bosch GKS190 circular saw with a power of 1400 watts enjoys well-deserved popularity. The rotation speed of the saw blade is 5500 rpm, which ensures a smooth and clean cut. The diameter of the cutting element is 190 mm, which creates a cut with a depth of 70 mm. The circular saw “Bosch” has the function of auto-braking the engine and is equipped with a nozzle for dust removal. You can buy a tool for 15 thousand rubles.
The Bosch GKS190 circular saw is characterized by high quality and versatility
Powerful, efficient and high-quality equipment is offered by the Japanese company Hitachi. One of the best practical models is the Hitachi C7SS circular saw, which is suitable for all types of wood. It has a power of 1000 watts. Thanks to the cutting element with a diameter of 165 mm, a cutting depth of up to 55 mm is provided. You can buy a Hitachi circular saw for 11 thousand rubles.
The direct competitor of the domestic manufacturer “Interskol” is considered to be the company “Zubr”. Circular saws of this brand are characterized by an optimal price-quality ratio.
A good model is the saw “Zubr ZPD-1600”, which is distinguished by a high-quality cutting line and high speed of operation. The power of the tool is 1600 watts. The rotation speed of the working element reaches 4500 rpm. The diameter of the disc is 185 mm, which provides a cutting depth of up to 65 mm. The model is additionally equipped with a power-on lock function, protection against accidental activation, has a spindle stopper and a fitting for connecting a vacuum cleaner. You can buy the tool for 6 thousand rubles.
A powerful and productive model is the circular saw “PIT PKS200-S” with a power of 2000 watts. The diameter of the cutting element is 200 mm, which provides a cutting depth of up to 75-80 mm. The tool can work at an angle of 45 and 90°. Due to the rotation speed of the disk equal to 5500 rpm, a clean cut is provided. The cost of the saw starts from 8 thousand rubles.
The circular saw “Zubr ZPD-1600” is distinguished by a high-quality cutting line and high speed of operation
The circular saw is characterized by versatility. It is suitable for performing a wide range of tasks that are associated with sawing wood, metal and plastic products. When choosing a carpentry tool, the further purpose of the device should be taken into account, for the effective operation of which its technical characteristics should be taken into account.
