Drainage pipes for groundwater drainage: classification of products
Drainage pipes for groundwater drainage: complete classification of products
This article discusses drainage pipes for groundwater drainage: a complete classification of drainage products, their advantages, characteristics and basic parameters are presented. Thanks to this information, you will learn how to select suitable types of pipes for certain types of drainage systems in accordance with their requirements, soil characteristics, etc.
Corrugated pipe walls have high resistance to the occurrence of any deformation changes under the influence of loads
Drainage pipes for groundwater drainage: an introduction to the topic
The drainage pipe acts as the main building element, on the basis of which a drainage system is formed, designed for the drainage of sites. This element is responsible for collecting and diverting underground, meltwater and rainwater outside the territory with their preliminary filtration.
Pay attention! A large volume of thawed and stormwater can provoke a rise in the groundwater level. The appearance of such a situation is highly undesirable, since as a result, the destructive effect on the foundation part of the building increases, as well as all elements of landscape design located on the site.
The drainage system helps to get rid of excess water on the site
The installation of large diameter drainage pipes allows you to cope with such problems as:
- increased soil moisture;
- mold formation;
- flooding of the site, the foundation of a residential building and buildings for economic purposes, as well as cellars;
- formation of permafrost;
- the appearance of puddles on paved surfaces;
- formation of ice on footpaths;
- rotting of the roots of garden flowers, vegetable crops and other vegetation due to an overabundance of moisture in the garden and suburban areas.
Features of drainage pipes with partial perforation, complete or no perforation
If we talk about the general classification of products for drainage systems, the range is represented by the following types of pipes (by type of material):
- asbestos – cement;
- ceramic;
- plastic drainage pipes with and without perforation, as well as with its partial presence.
In the market of building materials drainage pipes are represented by a wide variety of types and sizes
However, most construction companies have already abandoned the use of pipes made of ceramics or asbestos cement due to the numerous disadvantages inherent in them:
Installation of a water drainage system on a land plot using corrugated plastic pipes with perforation
Pay attention! The table shows the average price of 200 mm drainage pipes made of various materials. There are other diameter options, however, in products made of ceramics, asbestos cement and plastic, the standard size parameters do not match. Therefore, for comparison, the diameter of the drainage pipe 200 mm is taken, which is present in the assortment of all these products.
Comparative pricing table:
| Type of material | Price, rub/year.m |
| Asbestos cement | 258,2 |
| Ceramics | 650 |
| Plastic | 237 |
Advantages of plastic drainage pipes: HDPE and PVC
Polymer products (plastic) are in many ways superior in characteristics to asbestos cement and ceramic products for drainage.
List of their advantages:
Corrugated double-layer pipes of large diameter made of plastic
Using the example of PVC corrugated drainage pipes with a diameter of 200 mm, you could see that the cost of these products can also be attributed to the significant advantages of plastic products.
The range of plastic pipes includes several categories of products:
- polyvinyl chloride;
- polyethylene;
- polypropylene.
PVC pipes for drainage systems are considered the most popular on the market.
Features of PVC drainage pipes: classification of products according to different characteristics
Products made of PVC and other polymeric materials can be divided into the following categories:
- two-layer and single-layer;
- flexible pipes (produced in coils, the length of which is 40-50 m);
- rigid products for drainage systems (their length is fixed, the range includes pipes from 6 to 12 m long);
Drainage pipe with geotextile filter
- products with different strength classes (letter marking SN: 2,4,6,8,16);
- pipes with and without filter wrapping.
Pay attention! The table shows the average price of a drainage pipe in a 200 mm geotextile filter with a perforated and corrugated surface. Depending on the manufacturer, this indicator may vary.
Prices for drainage pipes 200 mm (in and without geotextile):
| Product Type | Bay length, m | Price, rub/piece. |
| Single-layer, corrugated, perforation, geotextile (SN4) | 40 | 8400 |
| Double-layer, corrugated, perforation, geotextile (SN6) | 40 | 13500 |
| Single-layer, corrugated, perforation | 40 | 9500 |
| Double-layer corrugated perforation | 40 | 12000 |
| Single Layer (SN4) | 40 | 9000 |
The products on sale can have a diameter from 50 to 200 mm. There are also more massive options related to large-diameter drainage pipes.
Characteristics of perforated drainage pipes
Flexible single-layer products with perforation can be used at depths of no more than 3 m. The class of pipes also indirectly indicates the recommended depth of the bookmark. In the case of SN2 pipes, the depth should not exceed 2 m, SN4 – no more than 3 m.
Holes on the pipe surface contribute to more efficient operation of the drainage system
Double-layer pipes have a smooth inner surface. At the same time, the outer side is corrugated. As a rule, such products have an annular strength of SN6. When arranging the drainage system, segments of no more than 4 m in length are used. Coconut fiber or geotextile can be attached to them as a filter. There are products on sale without a filter.
Flexible corrugated perforated drainage pipes are marked with class SN8. They are supplied complete with and without filter media. Designed for deep bookmarks – up to 10 m. Two-layer products of the same class allow the system to be buried no more than 8 m. They are made without a filter.
Average price of drainage pipes 160 mm and 110 mm with perforation and corrugation (3 m):
| Name (manufacturer) | Diameter size, mm | Price, rub/piece. |
| Punch (Russia) | 110 | 900 |
| Punch (Russia) | 160 | 1945 |
| UPONOR (Finland) | 110 | 1200 |
| UPONOR (Finland) | 160 | 3450 |
Features of Perforator products: products for drainage systems
Perforator pipes are successfully used for water drainage. Perforations on their surface allow water to penetrate into the products. After that, it is transported further through the sewer system or discharged into an artificial or natural reservoir.
The scope of application extends to construction:
- buildings for various purposes;
- roads;
- stadiums;
- airports;
- as well as agricultural land reclamation.
Table of Punch pipe sizes (in millimeters)
Pay attention! The holes on this type of pipes have optimal dimensions that are large enough to let water into the system, but small enough to prevent the penetration of earth, debris, silt and other particles that can disable the sewer system.
The connection of corrugated perforated drainage pipes of Perforators is carried out in several ways. For this, a combination of a coupling and an O-ring or butt welding can be used.
Due to the fact that the rubber gasket is placed inside the corrugation during the connection of the system elements, this part cannot move during installation. The rubber gasket intended for connection has the same profile as the pipes. Therefore, the possibility of pipeline leakage, as well as the ingress of groundwater inside, is excluded.
Four options for perforating pipes Punch
Specificity of corrugated perforated drainage pipes with geotextile
Various types of filters are used as an effective addition to the pipeline, increasing its operational life. Such materials include geotextile fabric and coconut fiber.
Corrugated perforated drainage pipes with geotextile 160 mm or more are products with a large number of rationally arranged holes, as well as stiffeners. These small holes are placed in the cavity that is formed between the waves of the corrugation.
The stiffeners ensure an even distribution of the pressure that the soil exerts on the pipe. Due to the fact that the load is distributed over the entire length of the pipe, the drainage system can withstand not only ground pressure, but also all additional loads that occur.
The geotextile filter contributes to a longer service life of the pipeline
These types of pipes are used for laying pipelines at a depth of 0.7-6 m. Due to the large number of holes that fall on 1 m. p. on a special profile of the product, water is quickly collected, passed through the entire system and discharged outside the suburban area.
Pay attention! Plastic products have a fairly light weight, so they can be considered as the best material option for creating a drainage system with their own hands. The bay is 40 m long and 160 mm in diameter and weighs about 25 kg.
Price of drainage pipe in geotextile filter 160 mm, 90 mm and 110 mm:
| Manufacturer | Product Type | Diameter, mm | Bay length, m | Price, rub/piece. |
| TYPAR with HDPE filter (Russia) | Single-layer SN4 | 90 | 50 | 4200 |
| Single-layer SN4 | 110 | 50 | 3200 | |
| Single-layer SN4 | 160 | 50 | 5800 | |
| Double-layer SN6 | 110 | 50 | 7300 | |
| Double-layer SN6 | 160 | 50 | 10600 | |
| NASHORN | Single-layer SN4 | 110 | 50 | 4500 |
| Single-layer SN4 | 160 | 50 | 7000 |
Drainage pipe diameters and application features of their elements
If you undertake to create a drainage system on the site with your own hands, the following recommendations should be taken into account:
Laying drainage pipes with a geotextile filter in a trench
Pipes with a diameter of 63 mm are used on a par with products of 110 mm. In each such element there is a network of small holes.
Experts recommend buying a drainage pipe 63 in a geotextile filter for use in areas that are located in lowlands or in areas where there is a high level of groundwater. This material can be used to arrange drainage during the construction of a cellar, an underground garage, as well as modern cottages with a basement.
Pay attention! The choice of pipe diameter directly depends on the depth to which the drainage system will be buried. For example, products with a diameter of 63 cm can effectively perform their work at a depth of up to 8 m. For a depth exceeding this indicator, they will not work.
Choosing a pipe for a drainage system according to the type of soil on the site
The foundation part of any structure can be eroded by groundwater even at a depth of 1.5-2 m. Groundwater includes components that can destroy the base. Waterproofing in such cases is powerless, so we have to resort to more drastic measures – the construction of a drainage system. At the same time, the type of soil should be taken into account, as well as the degree of its moisture content.
The construction of a drainage system will protect the foundation of the house from erosion by ground and storm water
Increased water content in the soil can lead to freezing and rotting of plants, the appearance of fungi on them and on fruit trees, as well as to waterlogging of the territory. In this case, it is recommended to use corrugated pipes made of polyethylene. With their help, you will provide a budget and fast drainage system that will relieve the pressure of groundwater and significantly reduce their level.
Types of soils and optimal materials:
| Type of soil | Recommended material for drainage |
| Crushed stone | products with perforation without filter material |
| Sandy | pipes with filter made of geotextile fabric + rubble mound |
| Clay | pipes with or without a filter + an embankment of rubble 0.2 m thick |
| Loamy (combined) | products with a geotextile fabric filter |
Characteristics of plastic drainage pipe 300 mm
Plastic pipes for drainage systems have proven themselves as durable, reliable products. They are economical and efficient. The use of polymer products makes it possible to significantly reduce the cost of electrical energy and money for the performance of work on the drainage of the site. Such a system can last for 40-50 years.
The technology of drainage arrangement involves the use of filtering materials, usually geotextiles.
Plastic pipes as elements of the water drainage system are gaining more and more popularity due to high strength and reliability
Pay attention! Pipes with a diameter from 63 mm to 250 mm go on sale already in a geotextile wrapper. Products with a large diameter are used for construction at industrial facilities. They also need a geotextile wrapper, which in this case is done manually.
The average price of a 300 mm polymer drainage pipe is 200-300 rubles/ m. p. If the products do not have sockets, their cost is reduced by about 50-100 rubles. Similar variants of cast iron pipes are used in drainage systems. Their cost is in the range of 350-450 rubles /m. p.
Regardless of the size of the products, the system is always installed at an angle and in each case it is worth adhering to certain parameters. Installation of pipes with a diameter of 300 mm is carried out with a slope of at least 3 mm. Since this type of products can correspond to the SN6 and SN8 stiffness classes, the pipeline can be laid to a depth of more than 2 m.
Laying of drainage pipes with a diameter of 300 mm is carried out with a slope of at least 3 mm
Characteristics of large diameter drainage pipes for ditches
The choice of pipe diameter also depends on the inflow of groundwater. In other words, the selection of products for the drainage system is based on an indicator reflecting the amount of water that passes in 1 second.
Other factors are also important here:
- the level of groundwater occurrence;
- the amount of excess moisture;
- the nature of the landscape.
PVC corrugated drainage pipes with a diameter of 500 mm, 400 mm and 630 mm belong to two-layer products. Their double walls have a corrugated coating on the outside, and on the inside their surface is smooth.
The choice of pipe diameter depends on the level of inflow of groundwater and other water to the site
Due to the presence of corrugation, the pipe walls exhibit high resistance to the occurrence of any deformation changes under the influence of loads. In the assortment of the modern construction market, you can find products corresponding to the following classes of ring stiffness:
- SN4;
- SN8;
- SN16.
This variety allows you to lay the pipeline at different depths. Polymer pipes of large diameters have a wide range of operating temperatures. The extreme points correspond to -40°C and +60°C.
Average price of drainage pipes 400 mm, 500 mm and 630 mm (Punch):
| Product Type | Diameter, mm | Length | Material | Price, rub/piece. |
| Double-layer SN8 | 400 | 6 | HDPE | 2600 |
| Double-layer SN16 | 400 | 6 | HDPE | 3590 |
| Double-layer SN8 | 500 | 6 | HDPE | 3800 |
| Double-layer SN16 | 500 | 6 | HDPE | 5350 |
| Double-layer SN8 | 630 | 6 | HDPE | 5250 |
| Double-layer SN16 | 630 | 6 | HDPE | 7230 |
Useful advice! The construction of a highway to remove excess moisture from the site is not the only scope of application of such products. Use pipes with a large diameter as drainage wells to monitor the condition of the drainage system, as well as its cleaning.
Additional recommendations on the use of pipes
Works on the construction of a drainage system on the site are most often carried out simultaneously with its development. In order for the drainage system to function, it is necessary to organize the maximum inflow of water to it. The indicator that determines the access of moisture to the pipeline is called the water permeability of the soil. To increase it, sprinkling with special filtration materials is used.
The scheme of the drainage system device
Such materials include:
- gravel;
- crushed stone;
- pebbles.
Thanks to the filter, the volume of liquid from the site entering the system increases. To prevent the drainage from being filled with silt and dirt, the water flow rate through the pipes should be at least 0.2 m/ sec.
Common mistakes when laying drainage:
- the use of pipes that are not intended for installation in a certain type of soil (for example, the use of pipes without a geotextile filter on loamy soils);
- lack of filter dusting;
- lack of necessary slopes;
- filling trenches with non-filtering soil;
- untimely discharge of accumulated liquid from the collection well.
The effective operation of the drainage system depends not only on compliance with the installation technology, but also on the maintenance of the pipeline during further operation.
For the effective functioning of the drainage system, it is necessary to organize the maximum inflow of water to it
Maintenance of the drainage system involves regular inspection of the system for blockages and malfunctions, elimination of such when they are detected. In addition, it is systematically necessary to monitor the state of the groundwater level on the territory of the suburban area in order to know how effectively the sewage system copes with the removal of excess moisture. It also does not hurt to check the quality of groundwater.
Thanks to timely scheduled maintenance and preventive maintenance, as well as troubleshooting, you will be able not only to increase the service life of the pipeline, but also to eliminate the possibility of accidents.
