September82022

Burner on waste oil according to the principle of Robert Babington

Many masters in their practice face the need for new devices, such as a burner on waste oil. For owners of auto repair shops and garages, this will replace the furnace for heating the room, especially if there are decent stocks of used oil and other fuel. Burners, if you understand the principle of their operation, can be adapted for mixed fuel.

With the help of a burner on waste oil, it is possible to heat technical rooms

Varieties of the burner on waste oil of Russian production

In the cold season, not only residential, but also auxiliary rooms need heating. At the moment, devices using different types of fuel are used for heating, including waste or used technical oil. On the Russian market, you can find devices that process different fuel bases, as well as having a narrow specialization. According to the type of fuel burned , such devices are:

According to the functionality of the burner, there are not only heating burners, but also welding and lighting ones

gas;
on liquid fuel;
combined.

The simplest and most economical device for heating a room is considered to be a burner on working out. According to the functionality , the burners are divided into 3 subspecies:

welding;
lighting;
heating.

The principle of operation of these devices was borrowed from primitive kerogas back in the 50s. Pretty quickly, the simplest burners became popular, they began to be purchased for heating country houses and garages. At that time, any fuel was inexpensive, but over time, diligent owners, inventors and innovators began to look for a replacement for gasoline, diesel fuel and kerosene. Fuel oil and waste oil were used, which is now used as a full-fledged fuel. Today, the device is still relevant, besides it is an excellent way to preserve the environment.

Important! There must be a fire extinguisher in the room where any liquid fuel device will be used, whether it is a homemade gasoline burner, a working-out device or a diesel fuel burner with your own hands!

Burners for working out by type are liquid fuel, gas and combined

The device of a finished burner operating on waste oil

When buying gas burners and similar equipment, people are often interested in this or that element and its purpose in the overall design. For example, they want to know where and where the oil should flow from, how it ignites, and so on. When people think about how to make a burner at home, looking for a sample for the construction of a homemade analogue, even more questions arise. Most often they are interested in replacing injectors and oil tanks with something suitable from improvised means.

Having at their disposal photos, diagrams and drawings of a burner on waste oil, not every master will immediately get down to business. The main reason is a large number of specific details.

Pay attention! It does not matter what the device was built from – the principle of operation of all burners is approximately the same: filtered and heated oil is supplied from the main tank and burned in the combustion chamber.

The multicomponent process consists of several stages, and the success of its operation will depend on the quality of the components of the drip burner on used oil with their own hands:

The principle of operation of a burner operating on waste oil

sampling and filtration of mining;
pumping and heating of purified oil;
the process of burning to produce heat.

Filtration as the beginning of the burner operation at the testing

Enterprises that produce ready-made devices running on liquid fuel or exhaust are equipped with additional options that purify oil. These are the so-called intake floats, which take the purest portion of the substance from the surface to warm up. This principle of sampling is currently inherent in the vast majority of manufactured products belonging to this category.

Further, through a hose made of a material resistant to an aggressive environment, there is a batch supply of waste oil. The tube is usually submerged to about the middle of the main container, so the solid suspension remains at the bottom, and a cleaner layer is used for heating and processing. At this stage, it is possible to filter the fuel quite efficiently without additional effort. Dirty impurities, sand and other insoluble components remain at the bottom.

Important! The duration of operation of the burner nozzle on used oil with your own hands also largely depends on the purity of the fuel. Therefore, it is worth taking care of at least a rough cleaning of the oil fraction fed into the furnace.

In order for the burner to work for a long time, it is necessary to take care of cleaning the fuel

As you know, filters can be single and reusable. Screening of coarse particles can be carried out through several layers or filter elements, as in the ready-made heating pads of Smart Burner company. The traditional configuration of different products is about the same: ready-made devices are rarely produced without a filter or its replacement elements.

A small pump for pumping is a standard structural part responsible for the uninterrupted flow of oil. If you organize the supply for a stationary unit according to the principle of communicating vessels, then in a homemade burner it can flow to the nozzle by gravity,.

Warming up the waste oil before burning it

An equally important stage in preparing the device for operation is heating the waste oil before complete combustion to generate heat. When heated, the oil becomes more liquid and plastic, as a result of which the optimal consistency is perfectly burned.

A preheating tank or a heating spiral is needed for any burner on waste oil with your own hands – the drawings demonstrate an intermediate location. Usually it is a separate chamber or a small volume capsule hidden in the middle of the case. The purpose is to warm up the fuel as much as possible before the combustion process. Finished products most often have a temperature relay that monitors the heating level. As a rule, they operate in the operating range of 0-150 °C.

Some models of burners are equipped with an electric heating element for heating oil

Attention! Burners adapted for combined suspensions usually have a heating capacity. Diesel fuel does not need to be heated in homemade diesel burners.

Manufacturers decide in different ways how to organize this stage. The Dwarf burner on waste oil (and other similar models) has a small electric heating element inside the tank, which is responsible for heating the waste to the desired level. In the same way as in this case, each manufacturer solves the issue of oil supply in its own way. Float switches and pumps are often responsible for the level of its intake. The system switches off automatically when the preheating tank is filled.

Compressed air supply for waste oil disposal

Compressed air is required to prepare the oil mixture for combustion by spraying it. This transportation is directed to the nozzle, which is carried out under pressure. Due to the supply through a separate channel, oxygen provides the combustion process in any device, including a Babington burner on waste oil with their own hands.Gorenje Although the device was originally patented as running on diesel fuel, it was also adapted for technical oil.

To successfully supply air, a mini-compressor is required, built into ready-made liquid fuel devices. It can be transported in other ways, for example, according to the principle of pneumatics. In the absence of compressed air, the nozzle may not work correctly.

Compressed air in the burner is necessary to prepare the oil for combustion

Useful advice! The working pressure helps to track a small pressure gauge, which preserves the parameters necessary for the full operation of the entire device.

Air flow control is provided by a special solenoid valve on the housing. Expensive equipment also provides air filters for air purification. They will be useful in dusty mini-workshops, boiler rooms or other rooms where the air taken for the combustion process has a lot of impurities.Gorenje To operate the burner nozzle on waste oil with your own hands, you need an adjustable secondary air supply. The following parts of the burner are responsible for the synchronous operation of all nodes:

nozzle (nozzle);
fuel compartment;
heating tank;
air supply valve;
oil supply regulator;
pressure gauge to check the pressure (it may not be);
the pumping device (fan).

In ready-made devices, ignition is provided by electrodes. Compressed air is supplied through an air duct, from there it enters the nozzle. Waste oil goes there after heating. If the nozzle is clean, it produces high-quality ignition of fuel, suggesting the appearance of a smooth continuous flame.

Each burner in the exhaust must be equipped with an air supply valve

What is Babington’s famous invention

Each invention has its own author, even if his name is undeservedly forgotten by descendants. So, for example, the British inventor Robert Babington in 1969 received a patent for a diesel-fueled furnace that resembled a kerosene gas lighting operating on kerosene vapor. Robert Babington’s design was originally designed for kerosene, then it was adapted for diesel fuel. When the number of cars increased disproportionately, the used oil had to be disposed of somehow. Therefore, the innovators were looking for devices suitable for these purposes.

First, on the basis of R. Babington’s patented invention, a diesel burner appeared with his own hands, then it was adapted for burning oil and other fuels. The device, functioning on testing, appeared much later than the diesel design, but it surpassed its predecessor in popularity and safety.

After a while, such a device was offered anew, since the first patent expired, and the liquid fuel furnace has not lost its relevance. Similar devices were repeated in different versions, while not only self-taught craftsmen, but also design bureaus of reputable enterprises tried to assemble the Babington burner with their own hands.

The burner by design refers to simple devices, therefore, it is successfully manufactured at home. It is characterized by a fairly high efficiency in terms of obtaining the heat needed for heating:

The burner scheme is based on the Babington principle, where 1 is a heating sensor; 2 is a casing; 3 is a heat exchanger; 4 is a fuel sprayer; 5 is a glow plug; 6 is a supercharger; 7 is a fuel pump; 8 is a friction clutch; 9 is an electric motor; 10 is a lever for switching operating modes; 11 is a fan; 12 – frame; 13 – fuel tube; 14 – combustion chamber

technological installations;
small workshops;
workshops;
garages;
storage and utility rooms.

Useful advice! It is not necessary to adapt a homemade burner with your own hands for heating housing, since the burnt-out oil has a specific smell.

The burner is working out with your own hands: the principle of operation

If you look at the photos, drawings and drawings, it becomes obvious that the secondary oil forms a thin film on the curved surface. Through the groove, gas or air is supplied to the container under low pressure. After warming up, the oil is sprayed with this air stream, providing high-quality ignition.

It was this method of ignition that became the basis for inventions that became widespread in homemade devices and drip burners on waste oil produced in factory conditions. Used oil is, in fact, free fuel, a spent suspension. Therefore, it is considered more profitable against the background of other heat sources:

It is possible to make a burner on waste oil with your own hands

solid fuel and briquettes for a homemade pellet burner;
gasoline and diesel fuel;
electricity;
natural gas;
kerosene;
fuel oil.

Useful advice! Although mining remains the cheapest basis for heat generation during disposal by incineration, it is still recommended to prepare oil clogged with impurities ‒ to achieve water settling and filter out heavy suspension.

The first devices on kerosene, diesel fuel and oil were heavily smoked, gave off an unpleasant smell. Later, they offered a gasoline burner with their own hands and devices on other combustible raw materials, but there was an active search for budget fuel. The oil turned out to be a suitable source of heat, but the soot and smell negated all the advantages. Therefore, all the efforts of the inventors went to eliminate these shortcomings of the burner for boilers on waste oil. This should have been facilitated by full-fledged combustion, heating and filtration of contaminated fuel.

Waste oil boiler: a reliable and budget option for room heating

The principle of operation and features. Varieties of the device. How to make a boiler yourself. Manufacturers and popular models.

How to build a device yourself on the principle of a Babington burner: drawings

The principle of operation of a homemade burner, made on the basis of the idea of Robert Babington, is clear from the drawings, where the components of the unit are visible:

Drawing of a burner on used oil according to Babington

waste oil tank;
pallet for working out;
fuel supply tube;
a small fuel pump for feeding portions of oil;
a hemisphere for spraying with a small hole;
heating chamber with heating element (may be missing).

Pay attention! The nozzle is not an obligatory element for the organization of the smooth gorenje process. It will be successfully replaced by a nozzle – a small hole for supplying air jet and fuel. So that it does not get clogged, its serviceability must be monitored.

The waste oil, evaporating, flows down the hemisphere. These oily vapors are mixed with the air mass, resulting in a fuel mixture. The remaining oil, which has not had time to be disposed of, flows into the pan, and from there – through the tube back into the fuel tank.

This unit, made on the basis of Babington’s patent, designed for burning liquid fuel, is quite simple. Therefore, it is available for reproduction from improvised parts in a home workshop. Success depends on the exact conformity of the parts to their purpose and on the coordinated work of all nodes. Therefore, before making a burner with your own hands, you should carefully calculate all the parameters.

The design of the burner is quite simple, so it can be made from improvised means

Useful advice! If we take as a basis some one option, for example, a Gnome burner, using ready-made drawings and recommendations of masters, it is difficult to make a mistake in the size and functionality of the parts.

Advantages and disadvantages of the burner with your own hands

Each technical device has a number of useful qualities and flaws. Obviously, there are more pros than cons in this device. The main advantage is the utilization of waste raw materials with the greatest benefit. Other advantages of oil and liquid fuel recycling equipment:

incineration of waste contributes to the preservation of ecology;
easy operation and high energy efficiency;
the manufacture of the device is available in ordinary household conditions;
obtaining heat at a minimum cost of raw materials;
simple design manufacturing scheme, clear drawings;
a homemade device can be made from improvised means;
application in workshops and enterprises where a lot of recycled raw materials are accumulated that require recycling;
the small dimensions of the burner allow it to be moved if necessary;
the furnace is being worked off and the lowest grade oil is being used;
device functionality;
relative fire safety;
reuse of used oil.

The main advantage of the burner is the utilization of used oil with benefit

Disadvantages:

it is not recommended to use for cottages and residential premises due to burning and smell;
the need to equip the room with a fire extinguisher;
be sure to follow all the recommendations for the manufacture of the burner;
the nozzle or nozzle should be checked periodically (whether the holes are clogged with solid particles);
sensitivity of the nozzle or nozzle to contamination;
additional power supply of the components of the device (pump, compressor).

How to make a burner with your own hands according to diagrams and drawings

The burners obtained on the basis of Robert Babington’s invention have been repeatedly refined and modernized. Hence the discrepancies in different drawings, diagrams and illustrations. The chosen option needs careful study in order to exclude constructive errors.

Useful advice! It is not necessary to make an average version of the burner for the disposal of waste oil. It is better to use one proven device based on the proposal of an experienced innovator.

Burner assembly diagram, where 1 – fuel intake; 2 — fuel pump; 3 – fuel filter; 4 – burner; 5 – compressor; 6 – air compressor hose; 7 — fuel hose; 8 – fuel line

Tips and recommendations from other craftsmen can also be useful for making certain elements and nodes. The proposed explanations, which are taken from one of the specialized forums, relate to the following details:

metal hemisphere (can be made from anything, including a part of a brass door handle or a spherical nut);
a steel threaded tee for connecting two-inch pipes (instead of it, you can take a crosspiece with the same parameters);
a 10 mm copper tube is suitable for fuel supply;
for the nozzle, a metal pipe with an external thread (up to 200 mm) is needed;
under the air supply, a metal tube with a dimeter of 10 mm, connected to the nozzle, will be useful;
it is better to dock the channels with the housing with threaded fittings of a suitable size;
the main supply of the mining will be carried out by a small pump with a simple motor (from a motorcycle or car).

Useful advice! It is recommended to use a compressor from the refrigerator. A small pressure (2-4 bar) will be quite enough for the effective operation of the nozzle. Ignition is easy to provide with spark plugs from the car standing at the nozzle.

To avoid mistakes when assembling the burner, it is necessary to carefully study the instructions and diagrams

The nozzle is a small hole, its size regulates the power of the homemade according to the principle of R. Babington. Sometimes several small holes are made in the hemisphere, because one may be clogged or it will not be enough. There is information that 1 hole with a size of 0.25 mm will provide a burner power in the range of 10-15 kW, which depends on the quality of the burned raw materials.

In a hemisphere with a ready-made hole, an air supply channel is fixed by means of an entrance through a tee. Tightness is provided by a threaded plug in which a groove for the tube is drilled. The tee should be soldered to the fitting where the oil supply tube is connected, which requires warming up before disposal. To do this, a heating element must be soldered into the tank, preferably with a thermal relay. The tube in several turns will prepare the oil-working for feeding into the nozzle.

In order for air to flow, 2 grooves about 8 mm in size must be drilled additionally in the nozzle. First, a nozzle is attached to the tee, then a copper spiral tube, after which it is attached to the fitting. Part of the oil will drain into the sump tank, which for safety is better to take aside through the tube. Masters who know the secrets of electronics, the device is usually equipped with a controller and a board for the organization of ignition.

The burner is a universal design that can be adapted to other types of liquid fuel. Although such devices are on sale today, their high cost encourages home craftsmen to do something similar with their own hands. In terms of efficiency, home appliances for burning waste are not inferior to branded novelties designed for heating mini-workshops, greenhouses, small farms.

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